What Diseases Can an X-ray Detect? The Diagnostic Power of Medical Imaging

Posted on August 27, 2025

X-rays are one of the most commonly used imaging tools in modern medicine, and for good reason. Fast, painless, and widely available, X-rays can detect a wide range of diseases and conditions affecting the bones, chest, abdomen, and joints. At ImageCare Radiology, we provide high-quality X-rays in Rockaway, NJ, to help patients and providers get answers quickly and confidently. 

What Diseases Can an X-ray Detect?

X-rays work by using a small amount of ionizing radiation to create images of the inside of the body. Different tissues absorb radiation differently, which helps radiologists see abnormalities in bones, soft tissues, and organs. Here are some of the most common diseases and conditions that X-rays can detect: 

Bone Fractures and Joint Injuries 

One of the most well-known uses for X-rays is identifying broken bones, dislocations, and joint injuries. They are essential for diagnosing trauma-related injuries and monitoring bone healing.

Arthritis and Degenerative Joint Disease 

X-rays can reveal signs of osteoarthritis, including joint space narrowing, bone spurs, and erosion. They’re also useful for tracking the progression of chronic joint conditions. 

Lung Conditions 

Chest X-rays are routinely used to detect: 

  • Pneumonia 
  • Tuberculosis 
  • Lung cancer 
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 
  • Fluid buildup (pleural effusion)

They are often the first imaging test performed when patients present with shortness of breath, persistent cough, or chest pain. 

Heart-Related Issues 

While X-rays can’t directly show heart disease, they can detect signs such as an enlarged heart or fluid in the lungs, which may point to heart failure or other cardiac conditions. 

Digestive and Abdominal Disorders 

X-rays of the abdomen can help identify: 

  • Bowel obstructions 
  • Kidney stones 
  • Gallstones 
  • Foreign objects
  • Special contrast studies (like a barium swallow) can enhance visibility of the gastrointestinal tract.

Expert X-ray Services in Rockaway, NJ 

At ImageCare Radiology, we offer advanced X-rays in Rockaway, NJ, with a focus on patient comfort and fast, accurate results. Our experienced radiologists and staff are here to support your health with high-quality care in a welcoming environment.